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See also:
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AA Author's alterations: corrections requested by author after type has been set
align, alignment The positioning of text within the page margins. Alignment can be flush left, flush right, justified or centered. Flush left and flush right are sometimes referred to as left justified and right justified. ascender Parts of lowercase letter (such as k, b, and d) that extend above mid-line (x-height) and sometimes above caps
b/b or BB see base to base bad break incorrect hyphenation; also used in page makeup to indicate violation of established rules governing flow of text and elements from page to page base align on any given spread, to be sure that the base of the last line of text (or base of art) on the left page aligns with the base of the last element on the right page; also to bottom out baseline the imaginary line on which typeset characters "sit" or "rest" baseline The imaginary horizontal line upon which typeset characters appear to rest base align Arrangement of text elements and art so that indicated items fall on the same baseline base to base measurement from the baseline of one object to the baseline of another bezier curve Mathematically defined curve, used in CAD and graphics application software to create curved images. binder's creep The slight but cumulative extension of the edges of each inserted spread or signature beyond the edges of the one that encloses it in a saddle stitch bind. binding The fastening of the assembled sheets or signatures along an edge of a publication bleed to extend beyond the trim (GTS standard is 3/16 inch or 13.5 points) bleed top, left, right, bottom to bleed off page in the indicated direction blend gradient or graduated screen that goes from one percentage to another in increments too small to be noticeable blind folio No visible page number (but can be set or handwritten outside trim) blueline A blue-toned photoprint produced from film negatives which is prepared as a proof to check placement of elements of an image or portion of an image on a layout. blow up A photographic or lithographic term used to explain the enlargement of an original to another larger size body type Text or general text: type used for the main or general text of a printed piece, as opposed to heads or other display material bold (boldface) type that is heavier than the text type with which it is used. bottling The process of skewing pages to compensate for paper thickness as it is folded. Primarily used on signatures designed for large web or large sheet-fed presses bottom out see base align brace { } bracket [ ] break for sense sensible breaking of heads main after prepositions; Note: this is highly subjective, and if the specs ask to break for sense, it is GTS policy not to break, but for proof/spec to query customer. broadside a wide table or figure turned sideways (with top at left side) on the page. built-up fraction fraction composed of full-size numbers and therefore 2 lines high, e.g. 1/2 bullet a common pi character, usually used to draw attention to listed items, e.g. · butt to adjoin without overlapping, as, for example, two pieces of film or two colors of ink
C abbreviation for cyan see process color C/lc caps and lower case C/sc caps and small caps callout a label in an illustration to identify some part of the picture; a superior figure used as a footnote reference; reference to figures, tables in text cap height actual vertical measure of a capital letter as opposed to type size (usually about 2/3 of type size) caps capital letters caps and lowercase the first letter of a word is capitalized with following letters in lower case; used in titles, heads, figures, tables, etc. (exceptions: articles, prepositions of 4 letters or more, conjunctions) caps and small caps two sizes of capital letters in one style of type; the small caps are approximately x-height caption explanation following a figure or table number case the condition of letters, either capital a non-capital (upper or lower case) case fraction fraction no larger than the distance from ascender to descender with a horizontal denominator bar. center text horizontally center text block horizontally in measure defined (width), so there is equal space to left and right of text center text vertically center text block vertically in measure defined (depth), so that there is equal space above and below character numeral, letter of the alphabet, punctuation mark, or other symbol in a font of type clear for 10 indenting numerals in a list containing double digits to keep alignment of type in that list, e.g.
clear space see visual space CMYK Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black. The four so-called process colors (technically, they are "subtractive" colors) that are used in four-color printed reproduction. color gamut Every color combination that is possible to produce with a given set of colorants on a given device or system. color palette a set of colors used in a book identified by numbers and percent of color. color separation the separation of the colors of a full-color transparency or print by photographing it with separate color filters. column one of two or more vertical sections of a printed page separated by a rule or blank space. comp short for compositor; a rough visualization of the idea for an illustration or design (a comprehensive). comp set set by the typesetter (compositor) rather than furnished by publisher (e.g., comp set art). compound word a word made up of two or more existing words, often separated by a hyphen (e.g., bull-headed) condensed type narrow or slender font. control strips Series of color bars and percent tints placed just outside final image area; used to help maintain consistency during print runs. copy manuscript, picture, artwork, and other material that is to used in the production of pages for printing; body of text as opposed to illustrations copy-editing correcting and preparing material for typesetting copyfitting allocation of how much space a given amount of text will take up in a given point size and typeface; adjustment of the typesetting specifications of a body of text in order to make it fit within a given space. crop marks term used for corner marks on photos indicating where photo is to be cut off; also intersecting perpendicular lines on proofs representing the trim of the page. CTP Computer To Plate. CTP technology involves the laser-imaging of printing plates. The laser is driven by digital data from a computer. Imagesetters and platesetters are typically used to expose the plates. Aluminum and polyester plates may be imaged using CTP technology. cursive (script) form of writing or printing in which letters are connected rather than separated by spacing; This is a sample of cursive or script cyan subtractive primary color that appears blue-green and absorbs red light; also process blue see process color
delta descender A typographic term for the portion of lowercase characters that falls below the main body of the letter. The lower case letters g, j, p, q and y have descenders digitize To convert an image or signal into binary code. visual images are digitized by scanning them and assigning a binary code to the resulting vector or raster graphics data. Sounds are digitized by recording frequent "samples" of the analog wave, and translating that data into binary code. diphthong: In typesetting, two vowels which are joined to forma single character, also known as digraph. A special form of ligature. dingbat bullets, ballot boxes, florets, and other such decorative devices, e.g., display an element set off from text, such as a centered equation with space above and below, or a head that is not run in see run-in head display type large type (usually 14 points or more) used to attract attention. ditch space between columns, as in tables see gutter margin dithering Simulating gray tones by altering the size, arrangement or shape of background dots dot The individual element of a halftone. Its size (density) can be related to the density of the original used to produce the halftone dot. The size of the dot is indicated by the percentage of the area it occupies from zero to on hundred percent. It may be several shapes including round, square or elliptical dot gain An increase in the size of halftone dots that may occur as a result of errors or imperfections in any of the steps between screening an image and printing it onto paper. Common causes of mechanical dot gain are incorrect plate exposure, excessive tack or incorrect viscosity of printing ink, excessive ink film thickness, internal reflection of the ink, or too much pressure between the blanket roller and the impression cylinder double digits number containing 2 digits, numbers 10 through 99. double hyphens line break of compound word that produces an additional hyphen at end of text measure. doublecheck (Ektacolor) contact frame produced material used for proofing two- and four-color negatives; primarily used for proofing sample pages and for proofing four-color art and imposed flats. drop cap a large letter often used at the beginning of a chapter and dropped below the baseline of the first line. drop folio folio appearing at the bottom of a page that has no running head or running foot. DPI 1. Dots Per Inch. A measurement of output device resolution and quality. Measures the number of dots a printer can print per inch both horizontally and vertically. A 600 dpi printer can print 360,000 (600 by 600) dots on one square inch of paper. drop out describes type which becomes white within a dark (or color) background see reversed dummy A preliminary layout showing the position of illustrations and text as they are to appear in the final reproduction. A set of blank pages made up in advance to show the size, shape, color, form and general style of a piece of printing duotone A two color halftone reproduction from a one-color photograph. dupe (duplicate) contact frame-produced film used to duplicate film negatives or film positives. Used primarily for art with overlays, final film for prints incorporating halftones and or screen tints, and grids. (Clear background, black image area from POS. Black background, clear image area from NEG.) dylux A contact frame-produced material used for proofing two-color matter that shows the black and the color elements as different shades of blue.
EA, ea editor's alteration. edit in typesetting, a rerun from computer memory such that only corrections need to be checked. elements items distinguishable by different specifications, e.g., 1 head, 2 head, extract, text. ellipses (...) three spaced periods indicating the omission of text. em dash ( em space a space equal to the type size, e.g., 8 points wide in 8 point type. emulsion side the side of the film coated with the silver halide emulsion which faces the lens during exposure. It is the most susceptible to scratches. In photographic sheet film, there is usually a code notch indicating what type of film it is as well as which side the emulsion is on. encode The term used to describe the translation of information, such as text or photographs, into binary code en dash ( en space a space equal to half an em. end papers inside covers and their facing pages with the matter printed on them. endsheets see end papers even smcaps see small caps extended type a font of greater than normal width, the opposite of condensed. |
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additive color Colors produced by adding different colors of light together. The additive primary colors are Red, Green, and Blue, often referred to as RGB values. When added together, the additive primary colors can produce any color in the spectrum. Examples of additive color theory are colors produced on a television or color monitor.
symbolic representation of pica unit.
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) the standard interruptive dash, same as 2 hyphens in typed matter.
) a dash equal to half of an em dash, used for ranges of numbers and combining hyphenated words
